Organizational Technology Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Information systems of a specific business Essay Example

Data frameworks of a particular business Essay For this task I am required to do look into and compose a report on the data frameworks of a particular business of my decision, from this business I will get the applicable data about data frameworks. I will utilize my drive in acquiring the data for the task. The business that I have decided for this task is Tesco PLC and the data that I gather for this task will be from different types of work area and field look into. Tesco is a universal market retailer and second biggest on the planet following Wal-Mart at number 1 beginning from USA, Tesco is a for the most part known for selling general staple goods however Tesco is additionally has a huge non-food extend for instance banking and protection, dress, cell phone shop, amusement and books just as other family unit gear and additional items. This task comprise of 5 sections, I will begin with Part A this determines the task plan, prologue to the business (Tesco), business items and administrations, key realities and data just as a rundown data frameworks utilized by Tesco PLC. We will compose a custom article test on Information frameworks of a particular business explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Information frameworks of a particular business explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Information frameworks of a particular business explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Task Agenda * Identify data needs inside various practical regions of an association * Compare a scope of data frameworks * Examine the devices accessible to associations for data handling * Evaluate the data frameworks inside an association. Prologue to Tesco Tesco PLC is a worldwide basic food item and general marketing retailer headquartered in Cheshunt, United Kingdom. Tesco is the third-biggest retailer on the planet estimated by incomes (after Wal-Mart and Carrefour) and the second-biggest estimated by benefits after Wal-Mart. Tesco has stores in 14 nations across Asia, Europe and North America and is the basic food item showcase pioneer in the UK (where it has a piece of the overall industry of above 30%). Jack Cohen the originator of Tesco, started to sell food supplies from a slow down in the East End of London, his first days benefit was à ¯Ã¢ ¿Ã¢ ½1 and deals à ¯Ã¢ ¿Ã¢ ½4. Jack Cohen opened his first Tesco store in Burnt Oak, Edgware, North London in the 1929 and Tesco turned into a private restricted in 1932 and from that point Tesco has become quickly and never halted, Tesco became from a mortar to a mortar and snaps association in 2000. Tesco Mission Statement To make an incentive for clients to procure their lifetime unwaveringness Nobody invests more energy for clients: * Understand clients. * Be first to address their issues. * Act capably for our networks. (Source: http://www.tescoplc.com/about-tesco/our-values/) Items/Services of Tesco Tesco offers an extremely wide range from items beginning from staple goods, furniture and kitchen, attire and adornments, telephone shop, diversion and books, sports and recreation, and a lot more at www.tesco.com The accompanying organizations are the significant contenders of Tesco PLC: * ASDA Group Limited * BP Plc * Carrefour S.A. * ExxonMobil Corporation * The Big Food Group Plc * J Sainsbury plc * Marks and Spencer Group plc * Royal Dutch/Shell Group * Safeway Inc. * Safeway plc * Somerfield * SPAR Handels-Aktiengesellschaft * The Boots Group PLC * Wm Morrison Supermarkets PLC * Booker Cash ; Carry Limited * ALDI Group * The Carphone Warehouse Group PLC * John Lewis Partnership plc http://people.exeter.ac.uk/wl203/BEAM011/Materials/Lecture%204/TESCO%20Company%20Profile.pdf Key realities about Tesco * Founded in 1919 (East London) * Founder: Jack Cohen * Global work power Tesco has around 472,000 workers overall shared more than 14 nations. (See reference: 2) * Number of stores Tesco has more than 5,380 stores all inclusive (See reference: 1) * Key individuals David Reid (Chairman) Philip Clarke (Chief Executive) * Revenue: à ¯Ã¢ ¿Ã¢ ½60.93 billion 2010/11 (See reference: 1) Meaning of Data ; Information What is information? The term information is alluded to as assortment of numerical trademark which is gathered utilizing subjective or quantitative research techniques. A case of information gathered could be for instance the quantity of guys and females in a room and this can be shown in a wide range of structures and every one of these figures are known as information. Male 7 Female 3 All out headcount: 10 Male 70% Female 30% 10/7 Male proportion 10/3 Female proportion What is data? Data is regularly gotten in a setting where it is required this is unique in relation to information, data is acquired from event for instance when I request something from the Tesco I am required to give my name and address on the grounds that to finish the event or my request. Information versus Data Information is crude realities in figures which are examined and handled as data, information is insufficient without association with data. Data is a type of information which is in words. Characterize Information System Data framework or is any blend of innovation which forms data, encourages and enables people or organizations to like Tescos exercises utilizing innovation to help activities, the board, dynamic and numerous different tasks. A data framework is viewed as a type of correspondence framework wherein information introduced and prepared as a type of social review. A data framework can likewise be viewed as a semi-formal language which bolsters human dynamic and activities like prompting on effectiveness by investigating wastage and this could be wastage of time, budgetary assets, materials and HR.

If Your Friend Has Generalized Anxiety Disorder

If Your Friend Has Generalized Anxiety Disorder GAD Coping Print 4 Things to Avoid Saying to a Loved One With Generalized Anxiety Common Mistakes That Friends and Family Make By William Meek Updated on May 05, 2018 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Dougal Waters/Digital Vision/Getty Images If you have a loved one with struggling with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), you play an important role in helping that person feel supported and empowered to improve and become less anxious. But while you may have the best intentions, there are some mistakes people make in talking with someone with GAD that can actually make the loved one feel worse. The following is a list of common missteps that friends and family of those with GAD make, designed to help you avoid them. It can also be used in conjunction with the previous article on things you can do to help. 1. Don’t Say “Stop Worrying About It” One of the first impulses that friends have is to be protective of their anxious friend and try to take away his anxiety. Saying things like “it’s nothing to worry about, “stop worrying, or “it’s really not a big deal” often come off as patronizing and unsupportive. The person with GAD usually recognizes on some level that the worrying is stronger than it should be, but stopping it seems very hard. They know that their reactions are irrational, and having people comment on it can make them even more self-conscious and nervous. Instead, try saying and asking things like “how can I be helpful?,” “it’s OK, I’m here with you,” and “it sounds like this is really hard for you” instead. This shows you are there for them without any judgment. 2. Don’t Solve Problems After trying to take away anxiety and failing, you may find yourself wanting to switch into “problem-solving mode. This is when you attempt to constructively solve or remedy the stressful situation for your friend. While you may think youre assisting your friend, often it misses the mark on what could be most helpful, which is being emotionally supportive. Just because someone has GAD does not mean that they aren’t intelligent or able enough to solve their own dilemmas and the time spent trying to reduce anxiety via problem-solving ends up being wasted. Rather than launching into problem-solving, try taking a perspective that if you can be supportive and patient, your presence and understanding can often allow your friend to relax and work his problems out for himself. 3. Don’t Over-Function When both of the above fail, some friends, and family members will attempt to “over-function” as supports, where they begin to virtually take on some of their friend’s problems and center their lives on being helpers. Occasionally this can be necessary in extreme circumstances, but in large doses, it can foster dependence and can begin to take an emotional toll on the helping friend. It can make the person feel incompetent or untrustworthy, worsening their anxiety. Another way this occurs is when a friend essentially takes on a therapist role and attempts to treat the person. Instead of leaping into action, encourage the person to get help for GAD, and work collaboratively to manage problems and anxiety with the person when she wants to, not when you feel the need to. 4. Don’t Lose Your Patience Finally, it is easy for people who use any of the above-mentioned tactics to lose patience with their friend. GAD is a battle that some people will fight for many years and simply solving the latest dilemma is unlikely to change a greater underlying problem. Remain conscious of your role as a supportive friend, understand that your friend may be a “worrier” for a significant period of time, and make sure you utilize your own support system to avoid becoming stressed yourself.

Huck Finn Essay - 892 Words

Huck Finn I recently read the book Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain. This story deals Mainly with a lost boy escaping his harsh existence, and a slave trying to reach freedom. During the course of this book, the slave Jim, and the Boy Huck Bond with each other. I enjoyed this book immensely for a couple different reasons. While I liked the story, and the plot kept me interested, the real reason I found myself enjoying this book so much, was Mark Twain’s use of the underlying theme of racism. In this story, I found myself admiring Huck’s innocent approach to slavery, and the treatment of slaves. Is Huck Finn a racist? Now this is a tough question. I would be tempted to say no. He always treats his run away†¦show more content†¦Aunt Sally asked Huck why the steamboat took so long getting there. Huck said, â€Å"We blowed a cylinder-head.† â€Å"Good gracious anybody hurt?† â€Å"No’m killed a nigger.† â€Å"Well it’s lucky; because sometimes people do get hurt† (Twain 199). Whether or not Huck was trying to be racist is irrelevant, the fact is his home life taught him racism as a way of life. Hucks innocence severely handicapped his racism. Throughout the book Jim was just about Huck’s only friend, yet Jim was black. Jim looks out for Huck like a father would. On several occasions Huck comes close to turning Jim in. Huck keeps thinking he is doing something morally wrong by helping Jim to escape. He never questions whether slavery is morally right or wrong. He just figures it to be a way of life. Huck never actually got to the conclusion that maybe he was doing the right thing by trying to free Jim, and that slavery might actually be wrong. I think that Mark Twain may be using Huck as an example of the human race as a whole. Sometimes we over look the real problems in life, because we are always so tied up in a bunch of trivial corals. However, despite Huck’s constant racist personality, some changes did occur in Huck’s feelings about Jim during the course of the book. Until the end of the book, Huck never worried about Jim’s whereabouts. Jim on the other hand was always terribly nervous about Hucks whereabouts. During theShow MoreRelatedHuck Finn1657 Words   |  7 Pageswished I was dead (221). Mark Twains, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is a tale about a boy in search for a family and a place he can truly call home. Through his adventure, he rids himself of a father that is deemed despicable by society, and he gains a father that society hasnt even deemed as a man. This lonely and depressed young boy only finds true happiness when he is befriended with a slave named Jim. Although Huck Finn was born and raised into a racially oppressive society, it is throughRead MoreEssay on Huck Finn822 Words   |  4 Pages Huck Finns relationship with slavery is very complex and often contradictory. He has been brought up to accept slavery. He can think of no worse crime than helping to free a slave. Despite this, he finds himself on the run with Jim, a runaway slave, and doing everything in his power to protect him. Huck Finn grew up around slavery. His father is a violent racist, who launches into tirades at the idea of free blacks roaming around the countryside. Miss Watson owns slaves, including Jim, so thatRead More Huck Finn Essay568 Words   |  3 Pagesuses his novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, to explore and makes fun of many problems facing American society. Huck, the main character, is considered a boy who is under pressure to conform to the aspects of society. Jim, who comes along with Huck, is a runaway slave seeking freedom from the world that has been denied it to him for so long. Throughout the entire novel Twain uses satire to show problems with society. Early in the novel, Huck scampers away with his good friend Tom and hisRead More Huck Finn Essay900 Words   |  4 Pages Tim Lively Critical Analysis: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Setting: Late 1800’s along the Mississippi River Plot: When the book begins, the main character, Huck Finn possesses a large sum of money. This causes his delinquent lifestyle to change drastically. Huck gets an education, and a home to live in with a caring elderly woman (the widow). One would think that Huck would be satisfied. Well, he wasn’t. He wanted his own lifestyle back. Huck’s drunkard father (pap), who had previouslyRead MoreEssay on Huck Finn941 Words   |  4 Pages Huckleberry Finn nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the greatest, most daring novels in the world. Mark Twain’s style helps to realistically portray early America. Mark Twain tells the story through the voice of Huck, the very kindhearted main character. Everything that Huck says reflects the racism and black stereotypes typical of the era. This has lead to many conflicts from readers since the novel was first printed. HoweverRead MoreHuck Finn Essay1835 Words   |  8 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain By Brenda Tarin British Literature 2323 Lois Flanagan January 27, 2009 Tarin ii I. Introduction II. Biographical sketch of author A. Past to present B. Experiences and achievements III Plot analysis A. analysis of plot structure 1. Exposition 2. Complication 3. Crisis 4. Climax 5. Resolution B. Theme of plot IVRead MoreRacism In Huck Finn1867 Words   |  8 PagesIn The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the main character Huck encounters many racist people and ideas. As Huck goes on his adventure, he learns about society, it’s people and it’s beliefs. He then has to take what he has learned about society’s people which includes slaves, and decide if society’s beliefs are correct or incorrect. Throughout the novel, he sees how assimilated the people are with the racist ideas of society. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Mark Twain uses satire to suggestRead MoreEssay on Huck Finn2499 Words   |  10 Pages Throughout the Mark Twain (a.k.a. Samuel Clemens) novel, The Adventures of HuckleBerry Finn, a plain and striking point of view is expressed by the author. His point of view is that of a cynic; he looks upon civilized man as a merciless, cowardly, hypocritical savage, without want of change, nor ability to effect such change. Thus, one of Mark Twains main purposes in producing this work seems clear: he wishes to bring to attention some of mans often concealed shortcomings. While the examplesRead MoreArgumentative Essay Huck Finn958 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Argumentative Essay: Should The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn be taught in school? Daniel Perez Period 1 10/30/14 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a novel based on the journey Huck, a young boy with an abusive father, and Jim, a runaway slave, have down the Mississippi River to Free states for an end goal of freedom. Freedom means different things to both of them, to Huck freedom means to be able to do what he wants and not be â€Å"sivilized†, while Jim’s definition of freedom isRead More Racism In Huck Finn Essay1082 Words   |  5 PagesHuckleberry Finn. Huck was not raised in accord with the accepted ways of civilization. Huck faces many aspects of society, which makes him choose his own individuality over civilization. He practically raises himself, relying on instinct to guide him through life. As portrayed several times in the novel, Huck chooses to follow his innate sense of right, yet he does not realize that his own instincts are more moral than those of society. From the very beginning of Hucks story, Huck without a doubt

Learning Chinese-Personal Narrative Essay - 1933 Words

Learning Chinese-Personal Narrative In 1995, I decided to volunteer as a missionary for my church. On the application form, there was no space for suggestions as to where in the world I would like to serve as a missionary. Church leaders assign missionaries to the place they feel we should go. I was surprised with the assignment to serve in Taiwan, speaking Mandarin Chinese. I had no previous experience with Chinese people or their language, so I felt fortunate that the church provides 2 months of intensive language training before the missionary even gets on the plane. During my 2 months in the language-training center, I found out just how different Mandarin Chinese is from my native language. The time went by quickly, and†¦show more content†¦I found, upon returning home a year ago, that I still hadnt picked up many of these items. While my speaking ability had reached a point that native Chinese people clearly understood my pronunciation and tones, my mastery of those items that had not been clearly taught to me sometimes caused major communication breakdowns. Frustrated, I decided to isolate these parts of speech that were giving me so much trouble, look them up in reference grammars, and figure out once and for all how to use them like a native Chinese person. It was this search that raised the questions that I will attempt to answer in this paper. The part of Chinese I chose to examine for this paper is the perfective aspect (PRV) -le particle. I will analyze and compare how various grammars, textbooks, and studies describe and explain this particle. Because most of the descriptions and explanations of this particle seem to be based mainly on the theories and ideas of the authors of these analyses, it seemed that a survey of native Chinese speakers would provide a good standard by which to judge these theories. Li and Thompsons book, MANDARIN CHINESE A Functional Reference Grammar (1981) is widely used to teach learners of Chinese how to use the PRV -le particle. That is why, for this paper, I chose to put Li and Thompson up against the standard a surveyShow MoreRelatedReview of Peter Hesslers Oracle Bones1541 Words   |  6 Pagesincorporating personal and social commentary. Hessler (2006) also weaves personal stories of individual Chinese people into Oracle Bones, to provide both a broad and an intimate narrative. The t hree core personal narratives are vastly different, to capture the diversity of Chinese culture and society. One of the people that Hesler (2006) follows is a Uighur (Muslim from Eastern China), who successfully endeavors to leave China for the United States. Named Polat, the Uighurs perspective on Chinese societyRead MoreBattle Hymn Of The Tiger Mother By Amy Chua1069 Words   |  5 Pageschildren raised by Chinese mothers. Amy Chua’s opinion piece gives compelling, though fairly biased and subjective, insight into the parenting styles of Chinese mothers. Before delving into possible answers, Chua explains that she uses the terms â€Å"Chinese mother† and â€Å"Western parents† loosely to distinguish the cultural values and parenting styles. Chua then gets to her explanation as to why Chinese mothers raise such stereotypically successful children. Chua notes that â€Å"Chinese parents understandRead MoreReflection On Personal Narrative1083 Words   |  5 PagesEDUC 364 Jingpei Wang Reflecting on Personal Narrative Culture shapes our identity and influences our behaviors. Living in California has been an open-minded journey for me because of diverse cultures, lifestyles, and people’s thought. Although, I learned to adopt the positive of a new culture and abandon the negative ones. It seemed like I could easily lose my cultural identity while I am accepting a new culture. However, After I took the class I even feel a greater appreciation on my own raceRead MoreThe Cultural Analysis Of Outdoor Leisure Essay1732 Words   |  7 Pagescities is in tamed with the transformations of Chinese government economic strategies. With increasing disposable money, overall increased spare time compared with Maoist era, health conscious as well as the negative consequences caused by modernization in terms of high pressure of working condition with high trade-off leisure time, psychic tensions caused by overwhelming highly increase of commodity price against the comparatively slow growth of personal inco me, and deteriorating urban environmentRead MoreReflection on Readings Using Comparison and Contrast Maxine Hong Kingston (Tongue Tied); Richard Rodriguez (Aria); Gloria Anzaldua (How to Tame a Wild Tongue)1358 Words   |  6 Pagesof linguistic minority students around the world and how they struggle to cope in school and at home. Audience: Class HUM-111 and Dr. Connelly Purpose: To highlight the difficulties students have at school and at home when it comes down to learning a language which they aren’t acquainted to and the consequences of such, depending on their social background. Reflection on readings using Comparison and Contrast Maxine Hong Kingston (Tongue Tied); Richard Rodriguez (Aria); Gloria AnzalduaRead MoreThe Reason Of Importing Large Numbers Of Reality Tv Shows From Korea934 Words   |  4 PagesThe reasons of importing large numbers of reality TV shows from Korea Why do these satellite television stations become rushing to buy Korea s reality TV from at first learning from the western countries? Reality TV stemmed from Western countries, the source of Korea’s reality TV shows is also from Western countries. But Korea experienced imitation and study from the West, Reality TV this kind of programs has a new development. The main feature of Korea’s reality TV shows is celebrities participatingRead MoreNarrative Therapy, Developed By Michael White And David Epson1130 Words   |  5 Pages Narrative Therapy, developed by Michael White and David Epson during the 1980s, is a way for the client to separate themselves from the problem they are experiencing. The person is not the problem; the problem is the problem. As part of the therapy, the client becomes the narrator of his or her life story. Each experience the client has in their lives becomes part of his/her story, a chapter. Created to be collaborative, the client becomes the narrator and learns that they have the skills to makeRead MoreWhat I Have Learned in My Writing Course847 Words   |  3 Pagesand convi ncing. As a result, my first draft had always criticized by people because it seemed simple and confused. I realized that my first biggest issue of writing essay is how to put away my â€Å"Chinese structure† transfers to formal writing style. Honestly, I do understand that the difference of writing Chinese and English essay, which the sentence structure is opposed. Sometime, I could not tune my mind immediately on writing English, which was challenging me the most. My second biggest problem isRead MoreCree Poetic Discourse By Neal Mcleod1640 Words   |  7 Pageswestern academic writing approach harms the indigenous Cree narratives. According to McLeod, the Cree narrative process, which involves poetic thinking, embraces new possibilities and keeps changing (9). This evolution process not only depends on various occasions of speaking but also depends on different storytellers and audiences who absorb stories, thus allowing Cree poetic discourse to possess dynamic feature (M cLeod 9). Such dynamic narrative approach compresses space, like Neal McLeod, said, â€Å"LikeRead MoreAnalysis Of Mother Tongue By Amy Tan913 Words   |  4 Pagesby Amy Tan In the narrative essay, â€Å"Mother Tongue† by Amy Tan, the author sets out the story between her mother, whose English is her second language, and Tan herself can speak native English very well. The essay covers the tonal shift of Amy Tan s psychological change, from grudge to understanding. Although she begins the essay saying, I am not a scholar of English or literature. I cannot give you much more than personal opinions on the English language and its variations

The Essentials of Issue Essay Samples Gre That You Will be Able to Benefit From Beginning Immediately

The Essentials of Issue Essay Samples Gre That You Will be Able to Benefit From Beginning Immediately Use the very best terms you can imagine! Examples might also be included in every one of the body paragraphs to additional support and clarify your principal points. Then you're interested in figuring out how to compose persuasive paper. You could also see synthesis essay. As soon as it's wise to demonstrate some diversity, overusing vocabulary is never encouraged. The significance of research in persuasive writing can't be overstated. Top Choices of Issue Essay Samples Gre On the opposite side, acquiring a list of good persuasive essay topics is insufficient. When you revise your essay, you've got to make sure its organization is completely appropriate to your intended audience, the paper context, and the objective. The major portion of a quick essay is known as the body. If you wish to figure out how to compose a decent persuasive essay, you're looking in the correct place! When you're selecting an essay topic, it's important to select one that has a lot of information and statistics to strengthen your standpoint, and don't exaggerate any info you've chosen to write about. Supporting details have to be presented accurately also. A persuasive essay needs to be able to grab the interest of the folks reading it easily. The aim of a persuasive essay is to convince your readers your viewpoint is the correct viewpoint. Before writing any form of academic paper, it is very important to choose the subject, and the persuasive essay isn't the exception. As any guide on how best to compose a persuasive essay will inform you, your essay has to be organized in paragraphs with a logical progression from 1 paragraph to the next. The Issue Essay Samples Gre Cover Up Make certain to read your essay and make certain it is logical. You can also see analytical essay. You might also see descriptive essay. You might also see comparative essay. Which is the reason why we here give you some persuasive essay samples that could assist you with your own. All essays will have a certain topic that's either one you choose or one which is provided for you. Sample persuasive essays can also give inspiration on topics to write on in addition to serve as examples about how to compose your essay. The greatest persuasive short essays often concentrate on controversial problems. What Everybody Dislikes About Issue Essay Samples Gre and Why Generally speaking, students are requested to compose assignments which take between 30 minutes and a complete hour. While trying to understand how to write a persuasive essay step by step, they forget about another critical activity. High school students must compose essays on a number of topics which at first may appear to have nothing in common. Fully being a happy high school student wouldn't be possible without my family members. There are varying views on whether or not a college educa tion is necessary in order to have a thriving life. Actually, you can make up any topic you want by yourself, as long because there is unlimited amount of those. Though people believe education is a correct and will make society, generally, a better place for everybody, others feel there's no genuine means to provide a free college education as colleges would still have to be funded (likely through tax dollars). The main reason is you will not be healthy enough to do the things you like doing but will be limited.

Textual Analysis-Apocalypse Now Redux Essay Example

Textual Analysis-Apocalypse Now Redux Paper Textual Analysis-Apocalypse Now Redux Apocalypse Now Redux follows the journey of Captain Willard as he attempts to bring back rogue agent Kurtz. Willard is a deeply troubled soldier in the Vietnamese war and is then assigned the mission of retrieving the newly rogue agent Kurtz. Willard puts together a team and is then on his way, he then ends up having most of his team killed and is then captured by a soldier that is under the authority of Kurtz. Willard is then taken to Kurtz’ HQ and then manages to escape and then kill Kurtz and return home. For my textual analysis of Apocalypse I will be the opening scene of the film where we are introduced to the main character, Willard. We start of by being shown a vast amount of trees, a helicopter goes past and then a great amount of explosives are detonated. We then see the characters face in a room lying down on a bed; we are also shown his bed side desk which has alcohol and drugs on it. We then realise that he was either dreaming or reminiscing as he sits up and looks outside the window to see a helicopter outside. He then says that he is still in Saigon. Codes/conventions Explosions-the bombs that were dropped during the opening sequence causing the vast numbers of explosions * Guns-the gun under the pillow of the character * Army uniform-the gear that the character in the opening sequence * Violence-guns ensure violence/protection * An understanding of why the specific war is happening-the character states the location of his whereabouts as Saigon which is in Vietnam so we ins tantly create meaning and analyze that this is the war in Vietnam dated between 1955-1975 * Different ranks in officers-general, sergeant major etc. Bombs-helicopter that drops bombs causing the explosions in the opening sequence * Evidence of an officer of wars life outside of war-the picture of a woman, the drugs and alcoholic substances on the table Audience The audiences of war films like this film are mostly people that enjoy violence or have a cultural interest in war films and their nature. War films are also viewed by ex-army officers themselves as they can relate to the cruel nature of war and also the fight for their country/human rights. We will write a custom essay sample on Textual Analysis-Apocalypse Now Redux specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Textual Analysis-Apocalypse Now Redux specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Textual Analysis-Apocalypse Now Redux specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The audience is usually able to cope with the violent nature of the films like for example the film ‘Saving Private Ryan’ with its explicit and graphic opening beach scene where the audience is exposed to limbs being blown off and peoples guts etc being thrown about the place as well as the officer’s torso and body in general. Roles Within the confides of a big Hollywood film such as Apocalypse Now there are many roles that are required for such a large expensive film. One of the roles that are required for such a film as this would be the role of folly sounds for added sounds that can’t really be captured by a camera such as the introductory song during the opening scene, folly sounds are sounds that are added in after the editing of the film has been complete and some voices/other sounds that are not heard so are recorded separately and added in. what would a film be without the role of a camera man or camera men if the director wishes to have multiple shots of one shot that can only be recorded once such as the pyrotechnics at the start of the film. The camera man ensures that what the director wishes to be within the shot is in the shot unless they feel that they can follow the guidelines set down by the director and produce something similar/better in their eyes. The director of the film communicates with the cast and set team to create his film, the director usually has good communication and organizational skills to ensure that his film will be as he anticipates it and is hopefully able to meet the deadline set by the company funding the film. With all of the footage that is captured for the film only a small fraction of all of it is actually used, the editor’s job is to sit there with the director and edit the film accordingly to his demands to produce a final, edited to perfection film. What would a film be without a cast of actors? The actors are picked out by a casting agent who would get in touch with the actor’s personal talent agent and arrange an audition; it is the casting agent’s job to get the most appropriate cast for the film. The actor’s job is to act out each individual scene according to instructions set out by the director themselves. The mise-en-scene of a film is everything. The mise-en-scene covers the makeup, lighting and special effects. One of the roles required within the mise-en-scene of a war film like apocalypse now is the pyrotechnics to create the true sense of war and battle. The pyrotechnic is in charge of such things as the vast amount of explosives within the film, they also have o ensure the safety of the talent whilst the explosives are detonated. The mise-en-scene would not be complete without the proper use of costume. The costume designer will sit with the director and give him some initial ideas and then will work on ideas that the director likes until the costume design is perfect, they will then begin working on creating the costume for the actors unique build. Analysis The explosions that are detonated by the passing helicopters are shown in a slower speed than the natur al filming of the explosions. If we are to analyze why it is that the director wanted this to be shown in a slower speed then we would most likely come to the conclusion that he did so in order to make the explosions seem more effective. When someone gets shot in a film then it is usually shown in slow motion to give a more deep effect. When the first bomb explodes it is perfectly timed with the starting of the vocals. The lyrics ‘this is the end’ are very lyrically appropriate as the mise-en-scene could be considered as a intertextual reference to war in general as wars are usually ended with one large explosion for example Hiroshima. When the fire clip is being overlaid over the top of the clip of Willard laying upside down can be read as the memories of the bombings that we just saw literally burned into his memory. War events such as Vietnam are memories that will burn into people’s mind whether it’s the screams of pain from the opposition of the mangled bodies of your fellow officers. As we are shown the belongings of Willard that are on his desk we are then able to create a personality and build a foundation of our understanding of the character and his background. We are shown; alcoholic substances, cigarettes and even a drug looking substance which implies that he is either suffering from depression and/or an addiction to the certain substances. We are then shown a gun that he keeps underneath his pillow which can suggest that Willard is a person that constantly feels insecure. The gun also promotes the genre of the film which is war; the gun promotes it because people usually associate violence with guns and war in general so through enculturation the audience know that the film is of the war film genre. Another good use of layering clips over the top of each other during this opening sequence would be the sequence when we have Millard’s face upside down on the left half of the screen and on the right half of the screen there is a cultural stone face which is the right way up in comparison to the way that Millard is portrayed. This signifies the binary opposition within the confides of the war that Millard is fighting. The cultural stone face signifies the culture of the Vietnamese people and the face of Millard opposing it signifies the troops opposing the Vietnamese. The significance of the fan being the visual accompanied by the sound of a helicopter’s blades rotating would be the idea that his dream/memory and reality are blending with each other to make his dream/memory seem more real giving the audience the effect that we are Millard and we are able to then experience what he is seeing/hearing/experiencing in general which personally is a great effect to give off to the audience. When the camera tilts down as a POV of Millard sitting up it signifies to us the audience not only that he is sitting up and enquiring what the helicopter sound is but it is also signifying that Millard is now awake/out of his flashback and is back to reality. By showing the POV of Millard it enables the audience to connect with the character himself after just seeing his dream/memory and the belongings on his desk suggesting his character to the audience. The first thing that the character says is about the place where he is which is Saigon, located in Vietnam. By stating a place in Vietnam the audience can then create a sense of meaning and come to the conclusion that this war film is set in the Vietnam War and therefore introducing the location of the film.

Wright Brothers First Fatal Airplane Crash

Wright Brothers First Fatal Airplane Crash It had only been five years since Orville and Wilbur Wright made their famous flight at Kitty Hawk. By 1908, the Wright brothers were traveling across the United States and Europe in order to demonstrate their flying machine. Everything went well until that fateful day, September 17, 1908, which began with a cheering crowd of 2,000 and ended with pilot Orville Wright severely injured and passenger Lieutenant Thomas Selfridge dead. A Flight Exhibition Orville Wright had done this before. He had taken his first official passenger, Lt. Frank P. Lahm, into the air on September 10, 1908, at Fort Myer, Virginia. Two days later, Orville took another passenger, Major George O. Squier, up in the Flyer for nine minutes. These flights were part of an exhibition for the United States Army. The U.S. Army was considering purchasing the Wrights aircraft for a new military airplane. To get this contract, Orville had to prove that the airplane could successfully carry passengers. Though the first two trials had been successful, the third was to prove a catastrophe. Lift Off! Twenty-six-year-old Lieutenant Thomas E. Selfridge volunteered to be a passenger. A member of the Aerial Experiment Association (an organization headed by Alexander Graham Bell and in direct competition with the Wrights), Lt. Selfridge was also on the Army board that was assessing the Wrights Flyer at Fort Myers, Virginia. It was just after 5 p.m. on September 17, 1908, when Orville and Lt. Selfridge got into the airplane. Lt. Selfridge was the Wrights heaviest passenger thus far, weighing 175 pounds. Once the propellers were turned, Lt. Selfridge waved to the crowd. For this demonstration, approximately 2,000 people were present. The weights were dropped and the airplane was off. Out of Control The Flyer was up in the air. Orville was keeping it very simple and had successfully flown three laps over the parade ground at an altitude of approximately 150 feet. Then Orville heard light tapping. He turned and quickly looked behind him, but he didnt see anything wrong. Just to be safe, Orville thought he should turn off the engine and glide to the ground. But before Orville could shut off the engine, he heard two big thumps, which gave the machine a terrible shaking. The machine would not respond to the steering and lateral balancing levers, which produced a most peculiar feeling of helplessness. Something flew off the airplane. (It was later discovered to be a propeller.) Then the airplane suddenly veered right. Orville couldnt get the machine to respond. He shut off the engine. He kept trying to regain control of the airplane. . . . I continued to push the levers, when the machine suddenly turned to the left. I reversed the levers to stop the turning and to bring the wings on a level. Quick as a flash, the machine turned down in front and started straight for the ground. Throughout the flight, Lt. Selfridge had remained silent. A few times Lt. Selfridge had glanced at Orville to see Orvilles reaction to the situation. The airplane was about 75 feet in the air when it started a nose-dive to the ground. Lt. Selfridge let out a nearly inaudible Oh! Oh! The Crash Heading straight for the ground, Orville was not able to regain control. The Flyer hit the ground hard. The crowd was at first in silent shock. Then everyone ran over to the wreckage. The crash created a cloud of dust. Orville and Lt. Selfridge were both pinned in the wreckage. They were able to disentangle Orville first. He was bloody but conscious. It was harder to get Selfridge out. He too was bloody and had an injury to his head. Lt. Selfridge was unconscious. The two men were taken by stretcher to the nearby post hospital. Doctors operated on Lt. Selfridge, but at 8:10 p.m., Lt. Selfridge died from a fractured skull, without ever regaining consciousness. Orville suffered a broken left leg, several broken ribs, cuts on his head, and many bruises. Lt. Thomas Selfridge was buried with military honors at Arlington National Cemetery. He was the first man to die in an airplane. Orville Wright was released from the Army hospital on October 31. Though he would walk and fly again, Orville continued to suffer from fractures in his hip that had gone unnoticed at the time. Orville later determined that the crash was caused by a stress crack in the propeller. The Wrights soon redesigned the Flyer to eliminate the flaws that led to this accident. Sources Howard, Fred. Wilbur and Orville: A Biography of the Wright Brothers.  Alfred A. Knopf, 1987, New York.Prendergast, Curtis. The First Aviators. Time-Life Books, 1980, Alexandria, VA.Whitehouse, Arch. The Early Birds: The Wonders and Heroics of the First Decades of Flight. Doubleday Company, 1965, Garden City, NY.

The Science of Magnetic Field Lines

The Science of Magnetic Field Lines A magnetic field surrounds any electric charge in motion. The magnetic field is continuous and invisible, but its strength and orientation may be represented by magnetic field lines. Ideally, magnetic field lines or magnetic flux lines show the strength and orientation of a magnetic field. The representation is useful because it gives people a way to view an invisible force and because mathematical laws of physics easily accommodate the number or density of field lines. Magnetic field lines are a visual representation of the invisible lines of force in a magnetic field.By convention, the lines trace the force from the north to south pole of a magnet.The distance between the lines indicates relative strength of the magnetic field. The closer the lines are, the stronger the magnetic field is.Iron filings and a compass may be used to trace the shape, strength, and direction of magnetic field lines. A magnetic field is a vector, which means it has magnitude and direction. If electric current flows in a straight line, the right hand rule shows the direction invisible magnetic field lines flow around a wire. If you imagine gripping the wire with your right hand with your thumb pointing in the direction of the current, the magnetic field travels in the direction of the fingers around the wire. But, what if you dont know the direction of current or simply want to visualize a magnetic field? How to See a Magnetic Field Like air, a magnetic field is invisible. You can view wind indirectly by throwing small bits of paper into the air. Similarly, placing bits of magnetic material in a magnetic field lets you trace its path. Easy methods include: Use a Compass A group of compasses can show the directions of magnetic field lines. Maciej Frolow / Getty Images Waving a single compass around a magnetic field shows the direction of the field lines. To actually map the magnetic field, placing many compasses indicates the direction of the magnetic field at any point. To draw magnetic field lines, connect the compass dots. The advantage of this method is that it shows the direction of magnetic field lines. The disadvantage is that it doesnt indicate magnetic field strength. Use Iron Filings or Magnetite Sand Iron is ferromagnetic. This means it aligns itself along magnetic field lines, forming tiny magnets with north and south poles. Tiny bits of iron, such as iron filings, align to form a detailed map of field lines because the north pole of one piece orients to repel the north pole of another piece and attract its south pole. But, you cant just sprinkle the filings onto a magnet because they are attracted to it and will stick to it rather than trace the magnetic field. To solve this problem, iron filings are sprinkled onto paper or plastic over a magnetic field. One technique used to disperse the filings is to sprinkle them onto the surface from a height of a few inches. More filings can be added to make the field lines more clear, but only up to a point. Alternatives to iron filings include steel BB pellets, tin-plated iron filings (which wont rust), small paper clips, staples, or magnetite sand. The advantage to using particles of iron, steel, or magnetite is that the particles form a detailed map of magnetic field lines. The map also gives a rough indication of magnetic field strength. Closely-spaced, dense lines occur where the field is strongest, while widely-separated, sparse lines show where it is weaker. The disadvantage of using iron filings is that theres no indication of magnetic field orientation. The easiest way to overcome this is to use a compass together with iron filings to map both orientation and direction. Try Magnetic Viewing Film Magnetic viewing film is a flexible plastic containing bubbles of fluid laced with tiny magnetic rods. The films appears darker or lighter depending on the orientation of the rods in a magnetic field. Magnetic viewing film works best mapping complex magnetic geometry, such as that produced by a flat refrigerator magnet. Natural Magnetic Field Lines The lines in the aurora follow Earths magnetic field lines. Oscar Bjarnason / Getty Images Magnetic field lines also appear in nature. During a total solar eclipse, the lines in the corona trace the Suns magnetic field. Back on Earth, the lines in an aurora indicate the path of the planets magnetic field. In both cases, the visible lines are glowing streams of charged particles. Magnetic Field Line Rules Using magnetic field lines to construct a map, some rules become apparent: Magnetic field lines never cross.Magnetic field lines are continuous. They form closed loops that continue all the way through a magnetic material.Magnetic field lines bunch together where the magnetic field is strongest. In other words, the density of field lines indicates magnetic field strength. If the field lines around a magnet are mapped, its strongest magnetic field is at either pole.Unless the magnetic field is mapped using a compass, the direction of the magnetic field may be unknown. By convention, direction is indicated by drawing arrowheads along magnetic field lines. In any magnetic field, the lines always flow from the north pole to the south pole. The names north and south are historical and may have no bearing on the geographical orientation of the magnetic field Source Newton, Henry Black and Harvey N. Davis (1913) Practical Physics, The MacMillan Co., USA.

Marketing Case Study Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Marketing Case Study Analysis - Essay Example In this regard, a deeper understanding of what the relevance is of â€Å"marketing myopia† is can be gauged. In the analysis of this case study, Levitt (1975) suggested that the reason behind the downfall of the so-called â€Å"growing industry† is generally because of their myopic thinking culture. With this short – sighted vision of what the future of business may possibly offer, firms do collapse. It is indeed necessary to think outside the box and have a bigger picture of what is likely to happen in the industry. Also, he proposed that in order for business to thrive continuously, businesses must be customer – oriented instead of being too much occupied in developing, improving and producing goods and services. Likewise, he also suggested that marketing is needed and not just basically selling since marketing includes communicating the values that the products and services can possibly offer. This recommends that in order to avoid business failure in t he future, a proper implementation and execution of the strategies should come next to ensure the sustained business after such careful and balanced analysis and planning of the business context today and in the future. Introduction Starting a business involves risks since its success is never a guarantee. In reality, there are only slim chances of success in every business because only a few out of the total numbers of founded businesses do succeed. The U.S. Small Business Administration suggested that an estimation of over a half of the small businesses do fail within the first 5 years of their operation (Vetbiz Resource Center, 2009). There are many available print and online materials which try to explain why businesses fail. In the book entitled â€Å"Small Business Management,† Michael Ames (1983) suggested that the collapse of small businesses can be accounted by the following reasons: the entrepreneur’s lack of experience in handling business, poor inventory ma nagement, weak credit arrangement, excessive investment in fixed assets, insufficient capital to sustain the business needs, personal use of business funds, surprising growth in business as well as the poor and inconvenient location of business. On the one hand, there are two more reasons accounting to the collapse of business. According to Gustav Berle (1989) in the â€Å"Do It Yourself Business Book†, the increased competition in the market and the low sales are also reasons behind business failure. However, it is the case that businesses may have achieved a certain growth at one point in time which is followed by its collapse after. This failure of businesses, according to Theodore Levitt (1975), is not caused by the saturation in the market but mainly due to the short – sighted thinking culture of firms through having the illusion that such industries are growing. For Levitt (1975), the belief in the so – called â€Å"growth industry† should be reject ed since for him, such conviction is followed by complacency. With the belief in the â€Å"growth industry†, the businesses focus more on developing products and producing goods which they sell to the consumers. Nonetheless, these firms lose sight of what the real needs and wants are which can truly satisfy the customers. Given this, the focus of this paper mainly delves at critically analyzing the case of â€Å"

PEST(LE) Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

PEST(LE) Analysis - Essay Example In UK market, there is further scope of growth for the company. UK’s consumer market demand is well aligned with business strategies of IKEA. The company has been able to secure desirable market share due to its effective cost control strategies, continuous new product development and competitive operational procedure. IKEA is inclined towards offering low prices to customers for its wide array of innovative products. According to Allen (2006), PESTEL analysis is a strategic tool that helps to determine key drivers of change present in the business environment. The main components of this tool are political, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal factors. Political factors stands for government policy which directly impacts workplace environment, technology quality, health and safety conditions, etc. Economic conditions include interest rates, rate of economic growth and taxation charges. Social factors relate to all possible events which are affecting community and market socially (Allen, 2006). As per Das and Teng (2009), it comprises of population dynamics, cultural expectations, norms, health consciousness, etc. Technology factor states that new products or processes are developed with the support of advanced technology. This factor facilitates quality enhancement, innovation and reduction in overall costs. Legal aspect corresponds to legislative and regulatory framework tha t governs countries of operations or respective product areas. Environmental factors encompass changes in climate and weather. Environmental awareness is an area of concern for all business organizations (Das and Teng, 2009). Research methodology lays the foundation for any research study. Any study can be classified as quantitative or qualitative research study. Quantitative study deals with market related data which can be statistically analyzed. On the other hand, qualitative study is opinions or views of experts. There are two

Massachusetts Legislature Votes to Ban Same-Sex Marriages but Approves

Massachusetts Legislature Votes to Ban Same-Sex Marriages but Approves of Civil Unions As supporters and opponents were anxiously awaiting for a decision on Mar. 29, the Massachusetts legislature voted 105-92 to ban gay marriage when it approved of amending the state constitution that would overturn the Supreme Judicial Court’s ruling that made same-sex marriages legal five months ago. However, the legislature also voted to legalize civil unions. The amendment was altered from when it was introduced this month, and now says that aside from permitting civil unions but banning gay marriage, it would clarify that gay couples who marry into civil unions would not receive any federal marriage rights and benefits. It cannot be changed again if lawmakers want it to continue onto the Nov. 2006 ballot. Gov. Mitt Romney asked the court to deter same-sex marriages until voters can make a final decision in Nov. 2006. Attorney General Thomas F. Reilly told the Boston Globe that since Gov. Romney lacked, â€Å"a valid legal basis for stay, because the SJC has ruled twice in favor of gay marriage,† he would not take Romney’s request to the state Supreme Court. It has not been decided what will happen to couples that marry between May 17 and Nov. 2006. According to the Boston Globe, a Mar. 2004 poll indicated 53 percent of Massachusetts residents opposed gay marriage while 60 percent supported civil unions. Also, 71 percent of the surveyed individuals feel voters should be able to define marriage, not the courts or the legislature. â€Å"You vote on whether or not you want things like highway taxes,† says Valerie Fein-Zachary, who sees this as a civil rights issue, not a voting issue. â€Å"It should not be determined by the popular vote of the... ...ture, making it difficult for all minorities to achieve equality. Hopefully, with all of the international progress currently taking place in Europe, some time in the near future same-sex couples will be able to have the same rights as heterosexual couples. Works Cited â€Å"Human Rights Watch: Allow Gay Marriage.† (2003, September 5). Retrieved October 20, 2003 from the World Wide Web: (http://www.gay.com/) Klein, Rick. (2004, March 30). â€Å"Vote Ties Civil Unions to Gay-Marriage Ban; Romney to Seek Stay of SJC Order.† Boston Globe. p. A1 â€Å"Rabbis To Okay Gay Marriages: It's a 'Done Deal'.† (1999, December 24). The Forward, (31), 268, 1. Reston, Maeve. Wednesday, November 19, 2003. â€Å"Victory For Gay Couples In Mass.; Same-Sex Marriages Ok'd By Highest Court.† Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Ryan-Vollmar, S. and Chuck, E. (2003, June 27). Boston Phoenix. p. 20-22.

Textbook Analysis

University of Latvia Faculty of Humanities Department of English Studies Textbook Analysis 3rd year, group B student Kristaps Briedis Riga 2013 Introduction The â€Å"Focus on Advanced English C. A. E. † is written by Sue O’Connell and first published in Pearson Education Limited at the Edinburgh Gate, Harlow in year 1999, and the edition at hand is the thirteenth impression printed in 2006. The textbook is oriented for students preparing for the Cambridge Certificate in Advanced English examination.Further, the analysis of syllabus will be based on the material given in the revised and updated edition of the â€Å"Advanced English C. A. E. † The whole text book consists of 240 pages. It includes fourteen units, which are divided according to different topics (e. g. Severe Weather, Time Eaters, Stress etc. ). Each unit of the â€Å"Advanced English C. A. E. † is devoted to the development of all language skills: reading, writing, listening, speaking. Moreo ver, there are grammar and vocabulary tasks in each unit. One unit from the â€Å"Advanced English C. A.E. † (Unit 12 â€Å"Living Dangerously†) was chosen for the analysis of the whole book, because each unit is devoted to the development of all language skills and thus, it is enough to analyze only one of them in order to understand how the whole book â€Å"works†. Reading Reading can be defined as the process of constructing meaning from written texts (Online 1). Thus, learning reading skills means understanding the text what one reads. But why do we need to understand what we read? According to Harmer (2001:200), there are two types of reasons for reading.The first is instrumental reason, which means that people read because it helps him/her to achieve particular goal (e. g. people read road signs in order to know where to go). The other type is called pleasurable. That means that the reason for reading some particular text is to get pleasure (e. g. reading illustrated cartoon). Thus, it does not matter what reason the student has, it is important for him/her to practice reading skills. Unit 12 of the â€Å"Advanced English C. A. E. † offers the students two reading exercises.The first text is the magazine article called â€Å"Living Dangerously. † It contains about 400 words and is divided into 8 paragraphs. There is a pre-reading exercise, which students should do before reading the main text. The pre-reading exercises motivate the students and encourage their involvement in the topic and theme of the text (Online 2). After doing a pre-reading and a while-reading activity, students are asked to fill the gaps in the article choosing the proper paragraph (from A-G) given after the text.In order to achieve a general understanding of a text, the students do extensive reading, which includes scanning (a quick reading, focusing on locating specific information) and skimming (a quick reading to know how the passage is organize d and to get an idea of the intention of the writer) (Online 3). Finally, the post-reading exercise is given to check how the students have understood the text and to develop their critical thinking. In this exercise the students are asked to find given expressions in the text and work out the meaning of them from the context (e. g. ested interest might mean a personal stake or involvement in an undertaking or situation). As the second task, a newspapers article â€Å"You are caught in a fire then what? † is given. It is about two times longer than previous article (about 800 words). Firstly, students are asked to scan the text (to read it quickly) in order to be able to answer some questions in pre-reading activity (e. g. Who devised the Survival Game and why? ). Then, students should read the article more carefully in order to do the following post-reading exercise. This type of exercise is different from the first one.In the second case students have to answer multiple cho ice questions. There are 6 questions with 4 answers in each. Some advantages of this type of exercises are the following: multiple choice exercises require less time than some written tasks, it is considered to be more objective than a usual written task, and â€Å"it will allow assessing one’s knowledge without taking into account all the irrelevant factors† (Online 4). Writing Writing is said to be a method of representing language in visual or tactile form (Online 5). And more important it is a skill of marking coherent words on paper and composing text (Online 6).There are many reasons why writing is important, for example, the ability to express one’s thoughts and ideas, communicative competence (letters), also it serves as a record, as in expressing one’s ideas for future references (Online 6). There are different types of writing – writing to inform, educational writing, writing to entertain, persuasive writing and motivational writing (Onli ne 7). To improve writing skills there are some essential instructions that need to be performed – research, think, organize, write, edit, revise, relax (Online 7).Two writing exercises are included into the unit 12 of the â€Å"Advanced English C. A. E. † The first exercise is writing an article (~250 words) about an interesting adventure. The textbook has a good approach to the writing tasks as it provides a ‘Task Checklist’, where there are several guideline questions concerning format and approach, content and organization, style and the target reader, for example, ‘Who are the magazine readers? ’ or ‘What language features are needed for this content? ’.Also the textbook provides a ‘Writing File’, where the features of different types of writing – formal and informal letters, articles, reports, reviews and so on – are shown. The second part of the exercise is the involvement of some structures in th e article in order to emphasize or add some dramatic effect, for example, writing sentences using inversion (a reversal of normal word order) or cleft structure (A construction in which some element in a sentence is moved from its normal position into a separate clause to give it greater emphasis) (Online 8).The second exercise on writing consists of writing a memo (~50 words) and a report (~200 words) about the security in collage. The essential part in this task is to use the information that is already given, but using one’s own words. The task also has a ‘Task Checklist’ with the guideline questions and indication to the ‘Writing File’ and also includes the explanation and tips on writing a memo. â€Å"Advanced English C. A. E. † aim is based on covering different types of writing.The Unit 12 included persuasive writing (writing a memo), which improves the skills of argumentation (Online 7), and informative writing (writing an article). Th e tasks are well organized and easy to understand, they provide comprehensible instructions and also some tips for writing the given type of the text. Additionally there is a supplement, where the features of the different types of texts are enclosed, so it is easy for a student to rapidly find the necessary information. Listening Listening is the ability to accurately receive messages in the communication process (Online 9).Listening is not an easy process because the listener should concentrate and understand everything what he/she hears on the spot. It is impossible for the listener to adjust the pace of speech, listen again or check an unknown word. In addition, listening is not the same as hearing as listening means paying attention to not only what is being told, but also to the manner how it is being told. According to the statistics, adults spend approximately 70% of time communicating, while approximately 45% of the time spent on communication is listening (Online 9).After a short explanation on what is listening and why it is so important in everyday communication, it is essential to look how listening is taught in schools. The textbook under analysis provides mostly two (in some units – one) listening tasks in each unit. According to Rost (2002), listening tasks can be divided into three phases: pre-listening, while-listening and post-listening. This division is not always present in the textbook because in quite many of the tasks pre-listening or post-listening is missing.Pre-listening and post-listening are very important because pre-listening is like a warm-up for while-reading as it ‘activates the background knowledge and  integrates  the directions of listening’ (Helgesen, 1998), while post-reading ‘allows the learner to build mental representations and develop shortterm second language memory, and increase motivation for listening a second time’ (Rost, 2002). The textbook presents such pre-reading tasks as questions on the theme and vocabulary related exercises. In Unit 12 two vocabulary related exercises are offered as lead-in tasks into the following istening tasks as well as into the whole unit and theme. All while-listening tasks are divided into four different types or parts (as they are called in the book). In parts 1 and 2 a monologue or sometimes a dialogue can be heard. The task type used in these parts is mostly filling in the gaps. The students are tested for ability of hearing specific information (or bottom-up listening), which, according to Helgesen (1998), is similar to scanning. He writes that listening to specific information is difficult as students ‘try to catch everything, often taking the time to mentally translate it into their mother tongue’ (Helgesen, 1998).A longer recording of a discussion or conversation can be heard in the part 3. The student’s ability of understanding the text as a whole (or top-down listening), including the gist and s pecific information, is tested in this part. The task types are filling in the gaps, sentence completion and four-option multiple choice questions. In part 4 five short extracts can be heard. Students are asked to identify the situation or topic, the manner and the attitude of speaking, the goal of the speaker or specific information. The task types are multiple matching or three-option multiple choice questions.The while-listening texts are in the form of formal and informal conversations, public announcements and private messages. The while-listening tasks in Unit 12 are of parts 1 and 3. Both exercises are filling in the gaps, and the recording can be heard twice in each of them. The few post-reading tasks are mostly questions on the theme, for example, the task in Unit 12 asks to imagine yourself in the situation connected with the previously heard text and discuss what you would do yourself, which is quite creative and interesting post-reading exercise.Most of the tasks are one -way as ‘all input comes from an outside source (like a videotape) to the learner’ not from outside, for example, a speaking partner (Rost, 2002). In addition, the listening sub-skills, such as skimming, scanning, note-taking, understanding attitudinal and conceptual meanings, understanding unfamiliar lexical items through context, understanding relationships within the sentence, also are taught in the textbook (Online 10). Speaking Speaking is  the delivery of language through the mouth (Online 11). Speaking skills enable learners to enter the community of the target language (Kramina, 2000: 86).This vocalized form of language usually requires at least one listener (of course, some people talk to themselves! ) – speech can flow naturally from one person to another in the form of dialogue, or it can also be planned and rehearsed, as in the delivery of a speech or presentation (Online 11). According to Kramina (2000), to act as a speaker participating in the com municative process, the learner must be able to carry out a sequence of skilled actions which comprise: cognitive, linguistic, and phonetic skills. There are speaking tasks throughout the textbook under analysis that help practice and enhance those skills.There are four parts to the speaking tasks in â€Å"Advanced English C. A. E. † each focusing on different speaking skills and sub-skills. Part 1 focuses on general social language – general social English and the ability to interact with other people in English. Part 2 focuses on transactional language – ability to give information clearly. Part 3 practices negotiation and collaboration skills, and Part 4 is designed to test the ability to report, explain, summarise and to develop a discussion naturally. Pictures and other visual prompts are used in Parts 2 and 3 to cue various tasks.Unit 12 of the textbook under analysis includes four speaking tasks – three of them concerning Parts 3 and 4, and one on Part 2. According to Kramina (2000) the development of communicative ability requires a range of suitable classroom activities that should provide learners with a degree of communicative urgency so that they have something interesting to say and a reason to communicate with their partners. Learners may be motivated to communicate by the enjoyment of playing a game, the challenge and satisfaction in solving a problem or completing a project.Tasks 1 through 3 focus specifically on problem solving. In task 1 the learners are faced with an unfinished statement and five possible variants to conclude it: the learners are to engage in a discussion and give well-founded answers to the follow-up questions. The correct answers can then be found on the answer page of the book. Task 2 consists of parts a and b. Part a is a work in pairs, where each of the participants are to imagine themselves in a particular problematic/ difficult situation and have to come up with a sound solution, or choose one from the already given visual prompts.In part b, the participants have to briefly explain to the rest of the class the decisions they came to with their partners, and say how far they agree or disagree with the opinions of others. Task 3 is a discussion of points concerning the topic of the unit. Several questions are given, designed to encourage the learners to use their existing knowledge on the subject, brainstorm for new solutions and express personal opinions. Next to these three tasks, tips are given on how to develop the discussions further by listening and responding to what your partner says and allowing the partner to comment on what you say.The last speaking exercise of the unit concentrates on both presenting information clearly and listening carefully to the information given by a partner. Students have to work in pairs and each gets a picture to look at – the pictures are of the same scene but there are several differences between them. First, Student A is t o describe the left-hand side of his picture in detail, while Student B listens carefully and notes any differences (without interrupting), and when A has finished, B should mentions any differences noticed.Then vice versa, Student B describes the right-hand side of the picture, while Student A studies for differences. When students are done with both parts of the task, they are to look at the two pictures together and compare their answers to the list given on a different page. This textbook is, however, lacking tasks that would help with the phonetic skills development, so it would be up to the teacher to help students learn the skills to articulate the utterance appropriately. (Kramina 2000: 65)Conclusions Although â€Å"Focus on Advanced English C. A. E. † is a textbook designed specifically as an integrated course for students preparing for the Cambridge Certificate in Advanced English examination, it covers all the essential language skills for foreign language learning and is suitable for English language acquisition, and is generally a good material for the preparation of several other English examinations, e. g. , the English examination of Secondary education in Latvia.The textbook offers 14 units covering a wide variety of stimulating topics, authentic reading texts from a range of sources, thorough practice of all language skills, a Grammar File with detailed information of all points covered in the units, and a Writing File with model text types and useful language, all coming from the experienced teacher, teacher trainer and examiner Sue O’Connell. References 1. Harmer J. (2001) English Language teaching. England: Pearson Education Ltd. 2. Helgesen, M. 1998) ESL Magazine. 1 (4): 24-25. Available from http://www. mgu. ac. jp/~ic/helgesen/marc. article2. htm [Accessed March 5, 2013]. 3. Rost, M. (2002) Listening Tasks and Language Acquisition. Available from http://jalt-publications. org/archive/proceedings/2002/018. pdf [Accessed Mar ch 5, 2013]. 4. Kramina, I. (2000) Linguo-didactic Theories Underlying Multi-purpose Language Acquisition. Riga: University of Latvia. Online Sources 1. Available from http://lrs. ed. uiuc. edu/students/jblanton/read/readingdef. tm [Accessed March 6, 2013]. 2. Available from http://tlc. cet. ac. il/ShowItem. aspx? ItemID=ccd2b528-84f5-4078-a76f-d6b1243f26e9&lang=EN [Accessed March 6, 2013]. 3. Available from http://fis. ucalgary. ca/Brian/611/readingtype. html [Accessed March 6, 2013]. 4. Available from http://www. multiplechoicequestionsservice. com/multiple-choice-questions-advantages/ [Accessed March 6, 2013]. 5. Available from: http://www. omniglot. com/writing/definition. htm [Accessed March 6, 2013].

Cultural Beauty Ideals As A Form Of Ethnic Body Policing ...

Eurocentric Beauty Ideals as a Form of Ethnic body policing: Origins and effects on East Asian Women. Many, East Asian women increasingly travel widely outside of East Asian countries to western ones and vice versa. Additionally, many East Asian women travel to the United States of America to attend College and Graduate programs. Globalization and western media are increasing their foot hold in East Asian countries. The universal aesthetic of beauty is becoming increasingly popular. This paper compares and contrasts the differences and similarities in East Asian cultural feminine beauty aesthetics versus Asian American beauty norms and aesthetics. I will discuss colonization in Asia and how this affects social norms and habits and its effects. This semester, In fulfillment of the requirements for Anthropology of sexuality class I conducted three separate interviews with East Asian students. Two female identified and one male; each interviewee was asked the same questions in an effort to get a broader base for potential themes that would arise. This interview focuses on the interview with a Female identified, heterosexual Taiwanese graduate student between the ages of 25/30. It is important to make the distinction here, that she is originally from Taiwan and immigrated to the United States for the purpose of attending Graduate school in the Fine Arts. Major themes arising were ideals of beauty, femininity, colonialism, globalization and capitalism. We will begin our focusShow MoreRelatedExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 PagesSound into a music and media empire worth nearly  £150m. Two years later, Palumbo had quit as chief executive and the Ministry of Sound was looking for a new strategic direction. The Ministry of Sound’s start had been difï ¬ cult. Dance music had its origins in ‘acid house’, itself with its roots in the futuristic, electronic music of the gay clubs of Chicago and New York. The new style had been picked up by British DJs in Ibiza, who combined it with the drug Ecstasy to create a new ‘blissed-out’ soundRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagessharing, which has resulted in up to three weeks additional pay in profit sharing bonuses in some years. The test of the change is in the results. GE Fanuc’s revenue is up women employees, who composed about three-fourths of the bank’s workers. As a result, several yea rs later about one-fourth of all managers and executives are women. Similar attention also was focused on other diverse groups of employees. So that all employees were given opportunities to grow and learn, the Bank of Montreal’s InstituteRead MoreMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test Bank173911 Words   |  696 Pagesmarketing partners, in order to earn and retain their business. A) Integrated B) Demand-based C) Direct D) Relationship E) Internal Answer: D Page Ref: 20 Objective: 4 Difficulty: Easy 64) Tracys is a chain of hair dressing salons for women. They use the television, magazines, radio, and newspapers to advertise their services. The owners ensure that all communication channels deliver a common message to prospective customers. Tracys believes in ________. A) internal marketing B) integrated